Effective Photon Mass in Finite Nuclei

SUN Bao-Xi; LV Xiao-Fu; SHEN Peng-Nian; ZHAO En-Guang

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《中国物理C》（英文）编辑部

2024年10月30日

Chinese Physics C> 2003, Vol. 27> Issue(4) : 337-340

Effective Photon Mass in Finite Nuclei

Institute of High Energy Physics, CAS, Beijing 100039, China2 Institute of Theoretical Physics, CAS, Beijing 100080, China3 Department of Physics, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China4 Center of Theoretical Nuclear Physics, National Laboratory of Heavy Ion Accelerator, Lanzhou 730000, China5 Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China6 China Center of Advanced Science and Technology World Laboratory, Beijing 100080, China

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Abstract：
The electromagnetic field in nuclear Fermi gas and nuclei has been studied. Because in the nuclear Fermi gas the expectation value of the electric charge density operator is not zero, different from that in vacuum, the U(1) local gauge symmetry of electric charge is spontaneously broken in the nuclear Fermi gas, and consequently, the photon gains an effective mass. Perturbation calculation of the photon self-energy shows that the effective mass of photon is about 5 42MeV in the symmetric nuclear Fermi gas at the saturation density ρ0=0.16fm^－3 and about 2.0MeV at the surface of ²³⁸U. Furthermore, it is concluded that it is just the two body decay of a massive photon that causes the discovery of sharp lines of electron positron pairs in low energy ²³⁸U+²³²Th heavy ion collisions experiments.

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SUN Bao-Xi, LV Xiao-Fu, SHEN Peng-Nian and ZHAO En-Guang. Effective Photon Mass in Finite Nuclei[J]. Chinese Physics C, 2003, 27(4): 337-340.

SUN Bao-Xi, LV Xiao-Fu, SHEN Peng-Nian and ZHAO En-Guang. Effective Photon Mass in Finite Nuclei[J]. Chinese Physics C, 2003, 27(4): 337-340. shu

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Received: 2002-07-12
Revised: 1900-01-01

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沈阳化工大学材料科学与工程学院沈阳 110142

Effective Photon Mass in Finite Nuclei

Corresponding author: SUN Bao-Xi,

Institute of High Energy Physics, CAS, Beijing 100039, China2 Institute of Theoretical Physics, CAS, Beijing 100080, China3 Department of Physics, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China4 Center of Theoretical Nuclear Physics, National Laboratory of Heavy Ion Accelerator, Lanzhou 730000, China5 Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China6 China Center of Advanced Science and Technology World Laboratory, Beijing 100080, China

Received Date: 2002-07-12
Accepted Date: 1900-01-01
Available Online: 2003-04-05

Abstract: The electromagnetic field in nuclear Fermi gas and nuclei has been studied. Because in the nuclear Fermi gas the expectation value of the electric charge density operator is not zero, different from that in vacuum, the U(1) local gauge symmetry of electric charge is spontaneously broken in the nuclear Fermi gas, and consequently, the photon gains an effective mass. Perturbation calculation of the photon self-energy shows that the effective mass of photon is about 5 42MeV in the symmetric nuclear Fermi gas at the saturation density ρ0=0.16fm^－3 and about 2.0MeV at the surface of ²³⁸U. Furthermore, it is concluded that it is just the two body decay of a massive photon that causes the discovery of sharp lines of electron positron pairs in low energy ²³⁸U+²³²Th heavy ion collisions experiments.